Perhaps twenty percent of all Meinu Yufenpai were produced by a single studio in Shanghai, the Zhiying Studio. Founded by Hang Zhiying, most of the studios were collective efforts, with Li Mubai and Jin Xuechen collaborating on some of the sutudio's most memorable efforts. Artists working under their own names (many posters were signed) included Ni Gengye, Hu Boxiang, JinMeisheng, Xie Zhiguang, and Zheng Mantuo, founder of the rub-and paint technique. With few exceptions (most notably the Kwan family from Guangzhou) Yufenpai artists came from ths Shanghai region.